Heliox for prevention of morbidity and mortality in ventilated newborn infants
Heliox for prevention of morbidity and mortality in ventilated newborn infants This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To determine the effect of heliox...
View ArticleWhich medications reduce irritability, aggression or self-harm in people with...
Which medications reduce irritability, aggression or self-harm in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? Key messages • Only 3 classes of medications showed any reduction in irritability,...
View ArticleSuperoxide dismutase in preterm newborns at risk of lung disease
Superoxide dismutase in preterm newborns at risk of lung disease Key messages • We did not find enough good‐quality evidence about the use of superoxide dismutase in newborns born too early: only...
View ArticleAre higher or lower salt (sodium) supplements better for premature babies to...
Are higher or lower salt (sodium) supplements better for premature babies to prevent illness and improve growth and development? Key messages • During the first days after birth, premature babies need...
View ArticlePalivizumab vaccine for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection...
Palivizumab vaccine for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with cystic fibrosis Review question We reviewed the evidence about the effects of vaccinating children with...
View ArticleImmunomodulatory interventions (treatments that target the immune system) for...
Immunomodulatory interventions (treatments that target the immune system) for focal epilepsy Key messages Immunomodulatory interventions are treatments that target the immune system. Focal epilepsy is...
View ArticleAre antibodies from people who have recovered from respiratory syncytial...
Are antibodies from people who have recovered from respiratory syncytial virus an effective treatment for very young children with respiratory syncytial virus? Key messages We do not know whether...
View ArticleWhat are the risks and benefits of different positions for spinal taps in...
What are the risks and benefits of different positions for spinal taps in infants? Key messages • Spinal taps are often required in severe infections in newborns but may be difficult to perform, with...
View ArticleMedication to treat fits in newborn babies
Medication to treat fits in newborn babies Review questions What medication can be used effectively and safely to treat seizures in newborns? How long should the medication for seizures be continued...
View ArticleWhat are the benefits and risks of using tests for lung maturation to assess...
What are the benefits and risks of using tests for lung maturation to assess if preterm newborns need to receive surfactant therapy to improve lung function? Key messages • Respiratory distress...
View ArticleWhat are the benefits and risks of methylxanthines (mild stimulant medicines)...
What are the benefits and risks of methylxanthines (mild stimulant medicines) for premature babies whose breathing pauses during sleep (apnea)? Key messages - Compared to no treatment or a placebo...
View ArticleCranberries for preventing urinary tract infections
Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections What is the issue? Cranberries (as cranberry juice, tablets or capsules) have been used for many years to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs)....
View ArticleTreatments for bullous pemphigoid
Treatments for bullous pemphigoid Which treatments work best for bullous pemphigoid (a rare, itchy skin disease that causes blisters)? Key messages • A cream, containing topical steroid clobetasol...
View ArticleDifferent antibiotics for group A streptococcal pharyngitis
Different antibiotics for group A streptococcal pharyngitis Which antibiotic is better for pharyngitis (or sore throat)? Key messages The effect on the resolution of symptoms of sore...
View ArticleVentilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME or 'glue...
Ventilation tubes (grommets) for otitis media with effusion (OME or 'glue ear') in children Key messages - From the studies included in this review, we are uncertain to what extent ventilation tubes...
View ArticleAntibiotics for acute middle ear infection (acute otitis media) in children
Antibiotics for acute middle ear infection (acute otitis media) in children Key messages In high-income countries, most children with acute otitis media (AOM) recover spontaneously without...
View ArticleStem cell-based therapies for stroke in newborns
Stem cell-based therapies for stroke in newborns Review question Can stem cell-based therapies save the lives or improve the long-term development of newborns who have a stroke? Background Newborns...
View ArticleOral dextrose gel for prevention of low blood glucose levels in newborn babies
Oral dextrose gel for prevention of low blood glucose levels in newborn babies Review question Is oral dextrose gel effective and safe in preventing low blood glucose levels and reducing long-term...
View ArticleAutomated oxygen delivery for preterm infants with breathing difficulties who...
Automated oxygen delivery for preterm infants with breathing difficulties who need breathing support Key messages 1. Preterm infants who receive automated oxygen delivery probably spend more time in...
View ArticleInterventions that will increase and sustain the uptake of vaccines in low-...
Interventions that will increase and sustain the uptake of vaccines in low- and middle-income countries What is the aim of this review? The aim of this Cochrane Review was to evaluate the effect of...
View ArticleLamotrigine add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy
Lamotrigine add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy Key messages 1. Lamotrigine is an antiseizure medication used as an adjunctive treatment for focal seizures in people with drug-resistant...
View ArticleWhat effects does enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) have on people with...
What effects does enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) have on people with late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD)? Key messages • Late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) is a rare condition that causes people to become...
View ArticleOral or nasal steroids for otitis media with effusion (OME or 'glue ear') in...
Oral or nasal steroids for otitis media with effusion (OME or 'glue ear') in children Key messages Taking steroids in tablet or syrup form (by mouth) may have little or no impact on hearing and...
View ArticleStill waiting for evidence about whether cranberries are useful for treating...
Still waiting for evidence about whether cranberries are useful for treating urinary tract infections Cranberries contain a substance that can prevent bacteria from sticking to the walls of the...
View ArticleHow similar are estimates of treatment effectiveness derived from randomised...
How similar are estimates of treatment effectiveness derived from randomised controlled trials and observational studies? Key messages - On average, the effect estimates of randomised controlled...
View ArticleInterventions to encourage use of seat belts
Interventions to encourage use of seat belts Key messages – We found some evidence to suggest education-based (behavioural and health risk appraisal (HRA)) and engineering-based interventions may...
View ArticleOral killed cholera vaccines for preventing cholera
Oral killed cholera vaccines for preventing cholera Key messages Two doses of the whole-cell plus recombinant vaccine (WC-rBS vaccine (Dukoral)), with or without a booster dose, reduces cases of...
View ArticleMindfulness-enhanced parenting programs for improving outcomes for children...
Mindfulness-enhanced parenting programs for improving outcomes for children and their parents Key messages • Mindfulness-enhanced parent training programmes may improve some child and parent outcomes,...
View ArticlePsychological treatment to help children and adolescents with asthma
Psychological treatment to help children and adolescents with asthma Key messages 1. The available evidence suggests that psychological interventions could be beneficial for children and adolescents...
View ArticleOral vaccines for preventing cholera
Oral vaccines for preventing cholera Researchers in The Cochrane Collaboration conducted a review of the effect of oral vaccines for preventing cholera. After searching for relevant studies, they...
View ArticleTopical corticosteroids for treating phimosis in boys
Topical corticosteroids for treating phimosis in boys Phimosis is a condition where the foreskin cannot be fully drawn back (retracted) over the penis. Phimosis is normal at birth and often...
View ArticleMedicine-free management of neonates' pain during endotracheal suctioning
Medicine-free management of neonates' pain during endotracheal suctioning Key messages — Gently holding the infant in a flexed posture (facilitated tucking, which is the gentle positioning of an...
View ArticleBenefits and harms of giving probiotics to newborns after digestive tract...
Benefits and harms of giving probiotics to newborns after digestive tract surgery Key message • Probiotics may have little or no effect on the risk of blood infection in infants born from 35 weeks of...
View ArticleLaryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity...
Laryngeal mask airway surfactant administration for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants with, or at risk of, respiratory distress syndrome Key messages – Surfactant administration...
View ArticleWhat are the benefits and risks of giving amino acids early to babies who...
What are the benefits and risks of giving amino acids early to babies who were born before 37 weeks of pregnancy? Key message Due to lack of strong evidence, the benefits of giving amino acids early...
View ArticlePatient decision aids to help people who are facing decisions about health...
Patient decision aids to help people who are facing decisions about health treatment or screening Review question How effective/beneficial are patient decision aids for adults making decisions...
View ArticleNon-immunosuppressive treatment for IgA nephropathy
Non-immunosuppressive treatment for IgA nephropathy Key messages Treatment with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition, namely angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor...
View ArticleWhat are the benefits and risks of methotrexate for juvenile idiopathic...
What are the benefits and risks of methotrexate for juvenile idiopathic arthritis? Key messages • Compared with placebo (dummy pill), methotrexate (a drug to stop or slow inflammatory arthritis) may...
View ArticleDo early intervention programmes improve physical and mental development in...
Do early intervention programmes improve physical and mental development in babies born too early? Key messages Early intervention programmes given to babies born too early may improve mental and...
View ArticleInfliximab for the maintenance of successful treatment in Crohn's Disease
Infliximab for the maintenance of successful treatment in Crohn's Disease Key messages Infliximab is probably superior to placebo for preventing disease relapse for patients who have shown response to...
View ArticleTafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with vivax malaria
Tafenoquine for preventing relapse in people with vivax malaria What was the aim of this review? The aim of this review was to see if tafenoquine could prevent relapses of vivax infections and if this...
View ArticleDifferent timing and dosages of corticosteroids to prevent lung injury
Different timing and dosages of corticosteroids to prevent lung injury Review question What timing and dosage of corticosteroids (a class of drugs that suppress inflammation) are best for preventing...
View ArticleTreatment with macrolide antibiotics (including azithromycin) for people with...
Treatment with macrolide antibiotics (including azithromycin) for people with cystic fibrosis Review question What are the effects of macrolide antibiotics in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and...
View ArticleWhat type of therapeutic exercise is best for treating scoliosis in adolescents?
What type of therapeutic exercise is best for treating scoliosis in adolescents? Key messages – Due to a lack of robust evidence, the benefits of therapeutic exercises for idiopathic scoliosis are...
View ArticleHigh-flow nasal cannula (tube) oxygen therapy for infants with bronchiolitis
High-flow nasal cannula (tube) oxygen therapy for infants with bronchiolitis What is bronchiolitis? Bronchiolitis is a common illness affecting the lower (smaller) respiratory airways in infants...
View ArticleClinical tools for detecting cervical spine injury (CSI) in children with...
Clinical tools for detecting cervical spine injury (CSI) in children with injuries Key message – There is currently insufficient evidence to determine which clinical decision tools should be used to...
View ArticleWhat are the benefits and risks of inhaled bronchodilators in preterm...
What are the benefits and risks of inhaled bronchodilators in preterm newborns for preventing and treating lung disease? Key messages • We found only two studies on the use of inhaled (breathed in)...
View ArticleWhat are the benefits and risks of treating preterm infants at risk of...
What are the benefits and risks of treating preterm infants at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia with corticosteroids? Key messages Treatment with dexamethasone after the first week of...
View ArticleDo braces correct or improve 'underbite' (prominent lower front teeth) in...
Do braces correct or improve 'underbite' (prominent lower front teeth) in children and teens? Key messages Non-surgical and surgical orthodontic treatments in childhood can improve the bite and jaw...
View ArticleVitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children...
Vitamin A for preventing acute lower respiratory tract infections in children up to seven years of age This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess...
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